武汉船舶职业技术学院学报

电机抖动是变频驱动系统中影响运行稳定性与设备寿命的常见问题。在系统梳理控制参数参数设置、供电质量、机械结构等常规诱因及应对策略的基础上，进一步分析了两类在工程实践中易被忽视但影响显著的特殊成因。一方面，深入探讨了直流母线电容老化在高频运行状态下引发电压支撑能力下降，导致转矩扰动进而引起电机抖动的机理，分析了影响电容劣化的主要因素，并提出相应处置和预防措施。另一方面，对频率信号异常引发抖动的机理进行了分析，结合电位器老化磨损问题，提出临时参数调整与部件更换的应急策略。为提升故障排查效率，构建了逐层递进的诊断流程。研究成果可为电机系统运维提供针对性的理论支撑与实用指导。

Motor vibration was a common issue in variable-frequency drive(VFD) systems, which affected operational stability and equipment lifespan. This study reviewed typical causes such as control parameter settings, power quality, and mechanical structure, and outlined corresponding mitigation strategies. It further examined two overlooked but impactful factors in engineering practice. First, it investigated how DC bus capacitor aging under high-frequency conditions weakened voltage support, triggered torque disturbances, and led to motor vibration. Key factors contributing to capacitor degradation were analyzed, along with proposed preventive and corrective measures. Second, it analyzed how abnormal frequency reference signals caused output instability. Based on practical cases of potentiometer wear, emergency solutions including temporary parameter adjustments and component replacement were suggested. To improve troubleshooting efficiency, a step-by-step diagnostic process was developed. The findings provided targeted theoretical support and practical guidance for motor system maintenance.